Evidence behind the design.
Published findings, design references, and the questions we still need to test.
These studies inform our choices about shared memory, local capability, and human review. They do not establish demand, benefits, or performance for Aksara or Strata. Different populations and measures stay separate.
Capability and recurring work
OpenAI · The Shift to Agentic AI · June 2026
In May 2026, 70.2% of sampled individual Codex users requested at least one task estimated above one hour of human work. Random 0.1% user sample; effort is model-estimated, not measured runtime or successful completion.
Original sourceAnthropic · Economic Index: Cadences · June 2026
Estimated autonomy is higher in Claude Code than chat/Cowork for 26 of 31 output categories. Sessions: 10 April–10 June 2026; classifier scale 1–5. This is a product-surface association, not proof that a different interface causes better delegation.
Original sourceOpenAI · Work at the Frontier · September 2026
Repeat cross-occupation use rose from 13.1% to 25.9% across about 6,200 consistently observed US users, April–July 2026. The eligible repeated-task pool grows over time. This is descriptive use, not a workforce-wide or agent-delegation rate.
Original sourceOpenAI · State of Enterprise AI · 2025
Enterprise usage and a survey of 9,000 workers across almost 100 enterprises describe reusable, integrated workflows. About 20% of Enterprise messages went through Custom GPTs or Projects in recent months. Vendor-customer evidence; these features are not equivalent to autonomous agents.
Original sourceMcKinsey · State of AI · 2026
Respondents report agent scaling in 40% of larger organisations and 22% of smaller ones. Organisational size and survey participation matter; these are reported practices, not a census or evidence of Aksara demand.
Original sourceAgoda · AI Developer Report · September 2026
53% report agents in selected production workflows or broad organisational use. More than 800 developers and engineering leaders across six Southeast Asian countries and India. Not SEA-only, all workplaces, or nationally representative country estimates.
Original sourceSalesforce / YouGov · ANZ · May 2026
37% reported delegating tasks independently to agents; 46% cited privacy concerns. September 2025 fieldwork: 2,132 Australian/New Zealand knowledge workers, weighted online panel. Different measure and population from Agoda.
Original sourceAccess and local infrastructure
BPS · Statistik Telekomunikasi Indonesia 2024 · published 2025
Official PDF, Appendix 10, printed page 76: Indonesia 72.78%, Papua Tengah 28.71%, Papua Pegunungan 6.76%. Susenas 2024; ICT questions cover ages 5+, internet use in the preceding three months. Publication: 29 August 2025. Rates measure use, not uptime, speed, or demand. Provincial boundaries must remain explicit.
Original sourceWorld Bank · Strengthening AI Foundations · 2025
The four Cs are connectivity, compute, context, and competency. High-income economies account for 87% of notable models and 91% of AI venture funding while representing 17% of global population. More than 40% of ChatGPT traffic came from middle-income countries in mid-2025. These describe infrastructure and use, not product effectiveness.
Original sourceITU · Facts and Figures · 2025
Asia-Pacific urban/rural internet use: 88%/66%; worldwide 85%/58%. Population estimates combine surveys, modelling, and nowcasts. Regions overlap with income groups. These averages cannot stand in for a particular province or measure connection reliability.
Original sourceAuthority and public accountability
OECD · Digital Government Outlook · 2026
2025 Digital Government Index data: 35 of 36 surveyed OECD governments use AI somewhere; 6 of 36 have an open algorithm register. Formal transparency standards: 11 of 36. Germany and the US did not participate. Published 15 June 2026; this is not Indonesian government practice or a finding about any particular system.
Original sourceOECD · Trust in Public Institutions · 2026
44% expressed confidence that AI would assess public-benefit applications only when safe and trustworthy. This is public perception from the 2025 Trust Survey, published June 2026. It does not measure system safety, local trust, or actual service outcomes.
Original sourceWorld Bank · Citizen Engagement / KIAT Guru
The Indonesian remote-village accountability programme summary reports maths outcomes rising from 37% to 49%, and language from 37% to 50%, after a year. This was not an AI intervention. It informs questions about accessible information and accountability, not an AI benefit claim.
Original sourceCARE · Indigenous Data Governance
Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, Ethics. A normative lens for custodianship, consent, access, and permitted reuse. Community data is not automatically public; implementation and outcomes require their own evidence.
Original sourceUNDP · Human Development Report · 2025
Frames AI through human choices and agency. Useful as a design principle; not empirical proof of our product, local devices, or any proposed deployment.
Original sourceDecidim · What is Decidim?
An existing participatory-software precedent for traceable proposals, revisions, meetings, and accountability. Architectural reference, not a proposed replacement for Strata or an AI evaluation.
Original sourceLearning, sensing, and physical systems
World Bank · Nigeria AI tutoring RCT · 2025
Six-week, guided Copilot/GPT-4 intervention for first-year senior secondary students. Composite assessment gain: 0.31 SD; English-only gain: 0.23 SD. The composite also included AI/digital knowledge. Not offline, Papua, or evidence for the proposed devices.
Original sourceStanford · AI Index: Technical Performance · 2026
Summarises a large gap between real-household robot tasks and controlled simulation. Benchmark success is setting-specific; it does not establish safe autonomous physical actions. Observation and reviewed display are separate from robotic control.
Original sourceAI-driven smart-spaces survey · 2026
Reviews sensor, network, data, AI, and privacy architecture, with a corpus of 298 articles and searches through September 2025. A broad literature synthesis, not field evidence for Abstraksi’s surfaces or environmental sensing.
Original sourceEdge-First Language Model Inference · 2025
Benchmarks small models on single edge devices and distributed clusters. Finds some favourable edge cases and others requiring cloud fallback. Resource, latency, and cost trade-offs are platform-specific; no universal offline guarantee follows.
Original sourceOur own evaluations need to measure source retention, handovers, permission boundaries, interruption recovery, useful tasks, and the cost of operating a deployment. Findings will be published as that work develops.